Definition and Examples of Sarcasm

Sarcasm is a mocking, often ironic or satirical remark, sometimes intended to wound as well as amuse. Adjective: sarcastic. A person adept at using sarcasm is sarcastic. Also known in rhetoric as  sarcasm and the bitter taunt. Sarcasm, says  John Haiman,   is  a particularly transparent variety  of cheap talk or hot air insofar as the speaker is overtly meaning (and saying) the opposite of what he or she ostensibly claims to be saying (Talk Is Cheap: Sarcasm, Alienation, and the Evolution of Language, 1998). Pronunciation: sar-KAZ-um ​​​Etymology: From the Greek, bite the lips in rage Examples and Observations Oh, a sarcasm detector. That’s a really useful invention!(Comic Book Guy, The SimpsonsOh, Lou, my mother would whine, dressed for a cocktail party in her muted, earth-tone caftan. Youre not going to wear that, are you?Whats wrong with this? hed ask. These pants are brand-new.New to you, shed say. Pimps and circus clowns have been dressing that way for years.(David Sedaris, The Womens Open. Naked. Little, Brown and Company, 1997Dr. House: So youre treating professional sports injuries now?Patient: Oh, no, Im not . . .Dr. House: . . . familiar with the concept of sarcasm. Dont sweat it, its new.(Dying Changes Everything, House, M.D.Abed: Another muffin basket, from another actress who wants to be in my next film.Jeff: Does that work?Abed: Yep. Meryl Streep has two Oscars because of her baking. Ah, thats sarcasm, but I forgot to inflect. This sounds way more like sarcasm. Inflection is so interesting.[Abed should have said intonation, not inflection.](Danny Pudi as Abed and Joel McHale as Jeff in Communication Studies. Community, Feb. 11, 2010Neither irony or sarcasm is argument.(Samuel Butler)First, situations may be ironic, but only people can be sarcastic. Second, people may be unintentionally ironic, but sarcasm requires intention. What is essential to sarcasm is that it is overt irony intentionally used by the speaker as a form of verbal aggression.(John Haiman, Talk Is Cheap: Sarcasm, Alienation, and the Evolution of Language. Oxford University Press, 1998 Irony and Sarcasm Classical rhetoricians admired irony as a rhetorical device primarily because of its ability to engage the audiences interest. . . .However, as Aristotle pointed out, irony frequently implies contempt for its target and therefore it must be used carefully. Moreover, while Aristotle observed that irony befit[s] a gentleman, he warns that to be most effective, [t]he jests of the ironical man [should be] at his own expense, not at the expense of others. . . .For example, when [Associate Justice of the Supreme Court Antonin Scalia accuses] the Court of misleadingly describing its previous sex-classification cases, Scalias sarcasm is patent: The wonderful thing about these statements is that they are not actually false--just as it would not be actually false to say that our cases have thus far reserved the beyond a reasonable doubt standard of proof for criminal cases, or that we have not equated tort actions, for all purposes to criminal prosecutions. He is equally sarcastic elsewhere.(Michael H. Frost, Introduction to Classical Legal Rhetoric: A Lost Heritage. Ashgate, 2005) Contrary to frequent usage, irony, the device, does not always communicate sarcasm, the effect. The speaker or authors rhetorical goal may be anything from gentle humor, intended to produce a mutual laugh and so establish rapport between speaker and hearer, to corrosive derision meant to insult the audience or reduce a target to a smoking ruin. What is attempted or achieved (the speech act or illocutionary dimension of the utterance) depends, as always, on the variables of the rhetorical situation, and on how the device and its detection contribute to those variables.(Jeanne Fahnestock, Rhetorical Style: The Uses of Language in Persuasion. Oxford Univ. Press, 2011)Let it be first provided that this figure (sarcasmus) be not used without some great cause which may well deserve it, as arrogancie, insolent pride, wilfull folly, shamefull lecherie, ridiculous avarice, or such like, for it is both folly and rudenesse to use derision without cause: but to mocke silly people, innocents, or men in misery, or the poore in distresse, argueth both the pride of the mind, and the crueltie of the heart.(Henry Peachum, The Garden of Eloquence, 1593)Adrian Monk: This is my assistant, Sharona.Ambrose Monk: Hello, we spoke on the phone.Adrian Monk: Oh, so you can dial a telephone! I was worried. I thought you might be paralyzed, or something.Ambrose Monk: I wasnt paralyzed.Adrian Monk: I was being sarcastic.Ambrose Monk: You were being sardonic. Sarcasm is a contemptuous ironic statement. You were being mockingly derisive. Thats sardonic.(Tony Shalhoub and John Turturro in Mr. Monk and the Three Pies. Monk, 2004)Whatever the reason, I was saddled with this strange name, which meant that I was constantly, constantly, being serenaded with the sometimes you feel like a nut Almond Joy/Mounds jingle, which I would have liked to quote in full, except that Hersheys legal staff denied me permission. I can certainly understand why. God only knows what ruin might befall Hersheys if this j ingle--which hasnt been used in two decades--were suddenly brazenly resurrected by a young Jewish candy freak. One shudders to consider the fallout for the entire fragile candy-trademark-jingle trademark ecosystem.(Steve Almond, Candyfreak, 2004)Sarcasm is related to our ability to understand other peoples mental state. It is not just a linguistic form; it is also related to social cognition.(Dr. Shannon-Tsoory, qtd. by David Adam, Highest Brain Areas Spot Lowest Form of Wit. The Guardian, June 2, 2005)Sarcasm I now see to be, in general, the language of the devil; for which reason I have long since as good as renounced it.(Thomas Carlyle, Sartor Resartus, 1833-34) The Lighter Side of Sarcasm Teen 1: Oh, here comes that cannonball guy. Hes cool.Teen 2: Are you being sarcastic, dude?Teen 1: I dont even know anymore.Homerpalooza, The Simpsons) Leonard: You convinced me. Maybe tonight we should sneak in and shampoo her carpet.Sheldon: You dont think that crosses the line?Leonard: Yes. For Gods sake, Sheldon, do I have to hold up a sarcasm sign every time I open my mouth?Sheldon: You have a sarcasm sign?(Johnny Galecki and Jim Parsons in The Big Bran Hypothesis. The Big Bang Theory, 2007)Leonard: Hey, Penny. Hows work?Penny: Great! I hope Im a waitress at the Cheesecake Factory for my whole life!Sheldon: Was that sarcasm?Penny: No.Sheldon: Was that sarcasm?Penny: Yes.Sheldon: Was that sarcasm?Leonard: Stop it!(Johnny Galecki, Kaley Cuoco, and Jim Parsons in The Financial Permeability. The Big Bang Theory, 2009)

Born February 12, 1809, Charles Robert Darwin Was An English

Born February 12, 1809, Charles Robert Darwin was an English naturalist and geologist. Best known for his bold scientific approach in explaining â€Å"transmutation† or evolution, as it is recently termed, of natural selection. Formulating his theory secretly from 1837-39, after returning aboard the HMS Beagle from a voyage around the world. Charles Darwin published his evolution theory, in his book entitled ‘On the Origin of Species’ two decades after his return in 1959. Darwin’s Evolutionary Theory or Darwinism is considered to be the â€Å"change in the genetic composition of a population during successive generations, as a result of natural selection acting on the genetic variation among individuals, and resulting in the development of new†¦show more content†¦Others believe in Darwin’s theory of natural selection, where it all started about five millions year ago. It is said that there were once apes, different to the known species of the 20th century that advanced genetically as time progressed. Beliefs are held that these apes or Hominines evolved becoming bipedal causing them to walk up right, and their babies to be twisted and turned to pass through the birth canal. Overtime their cognitive abilities allowed them to generate new ideas to build new tools that also increased survival and reproduction. Darwin believed that humans, apes and chimpanzees all share a common ancestry. â€Å"The recent sequencing of the gorilla, chimpanzee and bonobo genomes confirms that supposition and provides a clearer view of how we are connected: chimps and bonobos in particular take pride of place as our nearest living relatives, sharing approximately 99 percent of our DNA, with gorillas trailing at 98 percent† (Wong, 2014). Fossil records today strengthen Darwin’s theory as results concluded that the phylogenic of species and ontogeny of human s evolved from an organism known as the great ape or Hominid- a large tailless primitive that lived 7 million years ago. Darwin’s theory of evolution contains some basic biological principles as it relates to natural selection and contributes to survival, these includes: 1. Variation-Show MoreRelatedDr. Charles. Darwin s Theory Of Evolution1714 Words   |  7 Pages Dr. Charles Robert Darwin was an English naturalist and geologist. He is best known for his contributions to the theory of evolution. He stated that all species have descended over time from common ancestors. With his joint publication with Alfred Russell Wallace he introduced the process called natural selection. Darwin published his theory of evolution in 1859 with a book, On the Origin of Species; many people rejected his idea of natural selection and his theory of evolution. By the 1870’s theRead MoreThe Scientific Theory Of Science And Technology1449 Words   |  6 Pagesused in our everyday lives. We often have no idea how science and technology really affect us. We work and live in a world driven by technology and science. Science is crucial because it has helped form the world that we live in today. Charles Robert Darwin was an English geologist and naturalist, best known for his significant addition to the science of evolution. He had a theory that all species have inherited traits over time from common ancestors, and in a partnership with Alfred Russel Wallace introducedRead MoreThe Theory Of Science And Technology1454 Words   |  6 Pagesused in our everyday lives. We often have no idea how science and technology really affect us. We work and live in a world driven by technology and science. Science is crucial because it has helped form the world that we live in today. 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You could say that Charles Darwin has influenced our knowledge of life on Earth more than anyone else. He is an English naturalist who was born in Shrewsbury, England, on February 2, 1809 and lived till 1882. His father, Robert Waring Darwin was a physician and his grandfather on his dad’s side the famous Erasmus Darwin was also a physician, as well as an admired writer and naturalist. In October 1825 Darwin went to Edinburgh University where his grandfather studiedRead MoreExploring one of the Greatest Theorists of his Time: Charles Darwin1286 Words   |  6 PagesExploring one of the Greatest Theorists of his Time: Charles Darwin Our Society depends upon science, and yet to so many of us what scientists do is a mystery. The sciences are not just collections of facts, but are ordered by theory; which is why Einstein could say that science was a free creation of the human mind. (Bowler) Charles Darwin is one of the most famous scientists and theorists who had ever lived. Darwin has been written from his background to his evolutionary theory and on theRead MoreThe Theory of Evolution and Survival of the Fittest Essay1046 Words   |  5 Pagesgot here. Although, this theory has sparked a lot of debate, the factual side of evolution is quite interesting. Contrary to popular belief, Charles Darwin was not the first person to come up with evolution. It’s been around for many centuries. For example, Mark Felix (170-250 AD) and Lactantious (260-330 AD) were believers in evolution way before Darwin existed, along with many other people. For many years, scientists have kept researching and examining what would have to happen in order for evolutionRead MoreNatural Selection And The Theory Of Evolution1536 Words   |  7 Pageswere just two of the things that Charles Darwin conquered through the exploration of The Galapagos Island. Darwin was born on February 12, 1809, in Shrewsbury, England. While Darwin was still in high school, his main interest was nature, he was especially interested in beetles. Darwin’s father, Robert Darwin, who was best known as the father of the naturalist Charles Darwin, wanted Charles to become a doctor. Due to lack on interest in the medicine field, Charles went into Cambridge University toRead MoreCharles Darwin And Jean Baptiste Lamarck, Beliefs Opinions And Theories Of Evolution1341 Words   |  6 Pagesscientists, Charles Darwin and Jean-Baptiste Lamarck, beliefs opinions and theories of evolution will be deconstructed. Charles Darwin’s theory â€Å"It is not the strongest of the species that survive, nor the most intelligent, but the one most responsive to change† (good reads, Origin of the species quotes, 2016) Charles Robert Darwin, was an English naturalist and geologist, best known for his contributions to evolutionary theory. Born on the 12 February 1809, United Kingdom, Darwin wrote his discoveriesRead MoreCharles Darwin And Evolution Of Humans1643 Words   |  7 PagesTiger Sikka Mr. Pimentel WCIV-H May 4th 2015 Charles Darwin (Intro) A man named Charles Darwin forever changed the world, especially within western civilizations. The idea of how humans and animals came to be was very confusing and there was no set reason of this. People forever wondered how they came to be on this planet. Many different ideas and theories were made, but there was no scientific reasoning on exactly the way humans and animals are here. Today, the theory is still in debate. It is

Economics Analysis of Iphone free essay sample

iPhone 5 on the economy is discussed. As everyone already knows, we are still in a great economic recession. It is estimated, however, that the selling of the iPhone to consumers will add approximately 3 billion dollars to the US economy by the end of this year. Within this article, the concept of economic growth is prevalent. With the expected 3 billion dollars expected to be added to the US economy, this would add approximately 1/3 of a percentage point to our economy’s economic growth rate by the end of this year. Compared to the iPhone sales last year for the iPhone 4s, they added approximately . 1-. 2 of a percentage point to the country’s economic growth, which is less than the expected earnings of the iphone 5. The US economic growth rate for this year with the aid of the iPhone 5 is predicted to be somewhere between 2 to 2. percent. This is pretty weak, but factors such as the quality of the product, the quantity supplied, the quantity demanded, and popularity of the good nonetheless is contributing to the country’s overall economic growth. We will write a custom essay sample on Economics Analysis of Iphone or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Going back to the statement of this percentage growth is still pretty week, this is explained when Zandi explains that increased spending on iPhones would mean decreased spending on other things. This can be related to the concept of opportunity cost. For example, if Mary were to spend money on a $200 16GB iPhone 5, then she would have to give up buying those 2 pairs of shoes that she’s been eyeing down at the mall. Another economic concept demonstrated is the effect of quantity demanded of a good on one of its goods complements. With the sales of iPhones going up, then there would be an increased demand for iPhone cases, chargers, earphones, etc because they are complements to the iPhone itself. It is clear that the iPhone 5 is an incredibly popular product already and this article explains the effect of it on the economy today.

Vergils Aenied Essays - Roman Mythology, Aeneid, Euryalus, Virgil

Vergil's Aenied Within the Aeneid, there are many themes contained in the text. One of them is the death of the good and the young in battle. This recurring theme seems to be prevalent in Vergils epic because it most definitely occurs in all battles. When there is battle, there are consequences. Most often these consequence are the death of someone who is seen as not yet ready to die because they are good or young. In Book IX of the Aeneid, lines 402-545, a battle scene and the events leading to it are depicted. Ascanius is leading a troop of Trojan soldiers who want to pass through a place that was unrightfully conquered by Rhamnes. One Trojan decides to single handedly make a path through this place. As the Trojan passes through, he kills many Romans. The Trojan, Euryalus, kills Rhamnes and his slaves. He then kills Remus armor-bearer, charioteer, and horses. Lastly, Euryalus comes upon the lord, Remus. Vergil begins to describe the beheading of Remus, done by none other then Remus, Full on his neck he drives the fatal sword: the gasping head flies off; a purple flood flows from the trunk. Euryalus then kills Lamus, the bold, and Lamyrus, the strong. Euryalus also kills the young Serranus, a good-natured young man who may not have deserved to die. Vergil includes this certain murder in particular because it shows that war shows no mercy, no matter how young or how good. The slaughter in this scene is ended only at the hand of Nisus, Euryalus lover, who proclaims there has been enough blood lust and murder. The group leaves the battle scene with nothing, for they leave the precious load behind. Soon we see that a young boy is left behind because he wants to take some of the bounty that was left from the battle. As Euryalus and Nisus have been gone for some time, Euryalus realizes he has left the boy behind and he retraces his path. When he returns he sees the boy surrounded by three hundred horse lead by Volscens. Euryalus only choice is to shoot an arrow through the boy so that he would not have to suffer at the hands of his captors. Euryalus believes he is rightful in his decision. This again shows how the good and the young do die in battle. This, holding true to the old clich?, all is fair in love and war. In Book XI, lines 818-831, the tale of the turning of fate and the death of a young maiden, Camilla, is told. Camillas father, Metabus was forced from Privernum, and took his daughter so she wouldnt be harmed. While fleeing through the woods, Metabus comes within sight of his enemies. Not knowing what to do, he thinks of jumping into a stream, but stops to think. He decides to bound his daughter within a hollow wooden sheath, and gives his daughter up to the goddess, Phoebe. This story is told by Phoebe and says that once Metabus did this, Then she(Camilla)had been of my celestial train, and shunned the fate that dooms her to be slain. Unfortunately, an older Camilla decided to go into battle and was eventually murdered. Phoebe vows to avenge her murder and bear the brethless body of my maid: Unspoiled shall be her arms, and unprotaned her holy limbs with any human hand. Although Camilla was good and young, and had her fate diverted by the intervention of Phoebe, she was killed. This passage is truly an example of one of the Aeneids many themes: the death of the good and young in battle. Poetry Essays